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Types of Fraud

types of fraud
types of fraud

Common Types of Fraud

Education is one of the most powerful ways to protect yourself against malicious attacks. Scroll down to learn about different fraud categories.

Transactional Fraud

Card/PIN skimming

transactional fraud
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Skimming is when criminals obtain debit or credit card data from the magnetic strip when it’s swiped through a fraudulent device. They can also get your PIN if a capturing mechanism is with the skimmer. Scammers will also sometimes use a pinhole camera or false PIN pad. Once information is stolen, they create counterfeit cards.

Tips to guard against skimming:

  • Examine card reading devices before inserting/swiping your card for signs of tampering.
  • Inspect the area surrounding the card reader. Look for a camera or false PIN pad.
  • Block the keypad with your hand when entering a PIN.
  • Routinely monitor your account. If you notice any unauthorized transactions, let us know immediately

Check Fraud

This occurs when checks are used to acquire funds without the authorization of the account owner. Crimes can include stolen checks, altered checks, forged checks, counterfeit checks, electronic checks, cashier’s checks, money orders, and bill pay checks.

Here are some ways to prevent it:

  • Store blank checks in a secure location.
  • Never sign a check prior to making a payment.
  • Don’t put checks in an unsupervised mailbox.
  • Routinely monitor your account. If you notice any unauthorized transactions, notify us immediately.

Scams

Phone Scams

phone scams
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Phone scammers seek crucial information to conduct fraudulent activities. If America First contacts you, we will never ask for your Social Security or account numbers. If you reach out to us, we may need to verify your identity prior to assisting, but we will never ask for your PIN.

These criminals often speak in urgent language or use high-pressure tactics to make you act quickly, so it's crucial to trust your instincts. If something doesn’t feel right, hang up. They can also falsify phone numbers, so caller ID isn't a sure sign that it’s legitimate. You can verify a caller's authenticity by reaching out directly to the company. For example, if you receive a suspicious call from someone claiming to be from America First, call our member service team at 1-800-999-3961 to ensure the call was from us.

Technical Support Fraud

Fraudsters will occasionally call unsuspecting individuals and claim to offer technical support. If you receive a suspicious communication of this nature:

  • Do not give an unknown caller remote access to your computer.
  • After a device is accessed remotely, verify it’s not infected before logging in to online banking.
  • If someone has maliciously gained access to your computer, immediately turn it off and disconnect the internet & power. Take it to a reputable company for a malware scan.
  • File a report with the FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3).

Senior/Grandparent Scams

Scammers target seniors by claiming to be a family member caught up in a legal or financial crisis. They will prey on emotions and create a sense of urgency. They’ll also often request that the individual not tell other family members about the situation.

If you get such a call, don't be afraid to verify the information before taking any action. Reach out to other family members and inquire about the whereabouts of the alleged caller.


Protect Yourself and Stay Vigilant

Utah Fraud Prevention Coalition

Scams occur daily, resulting in millions lost annually. Victims are robbed of their hard-earned money to irrecoverable fraud. To prevent such actions, pause before sending money and consult trusted sources like America First Credit Union, the Utah Fraud Prevention Coalition, state departments of commerce, and the FBI's list of common scams and crimes.


Romance Scams

Scammers can find victims in chat rooms, on dating sites, and using other social media networks. A scammer will quickly proclaim love for an individual and initiate what appears to be a new relationship. Shortly after communication begins, the financial requests begin—for medical costs, travel, business ventures, investments or gifts.

  • Do not provide account information to anyone who is not on your account.
  • Do not allow people you haven’t met to make deposits into your account.
  • Do not forward funds via wire transfer, check, cash, gift card, etc. to an unknown individual.

Lottery and Sweepstakes Scams

Scammers falsely claim U.S. consumers won cash in foreign lotteries via email, phone, or mail. They may use the names of real companies or organizations, adding legitimacy. Victims will receive notifications of winning despite not entering, then the criminals request personal and financial data, even ID copies, to steal their identities. They may also demand payment for taxes or fees. Never share personal info or respond to unsolicited notifications about contest winnings.

Overpayment Scams

Beware of overpayment scams when selling online. Fraudsters often offer checks exceeding the purchase price, asking for refunds via wire transfer, etc. After you deposit the fake checks, they’ll bounce, leaving you responsible for the full amount. They target classifieds or auction sites and issue seemingly genuine checks with watermarks. Always verify all buyers independently and never accept checks above a sale price. If pressured to refund excess funds, terminate the transaction immediately.

Online Job Fraud

Beware of internet jobs promising high pay for remote work. Scammers pose as legitimate employers on job boards, asking workers to receive and transfer funds, often overseas. They may suggest opening a new account for payment via credit card advance or mobile deposit. These are typically check-cashing or shipping scams.

Avoid job offers without interviews and refuse any requests to transfer funds or handle shipments. Protect sensitive information like Social Security numbers and account credentials unless the employer's legitimacy is verified. Be skeptical when pursuing any online employment opportunities.

Mobile Attacks

Mobile Malware

Mobile Malware
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Malware isn't limited to desktop & laptops. It can breach your mobile device through Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Because most smartphones are easily connected to wireless networks, malware is simple to download. Only use secure, trusted & accepted Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connections from people you know. In general, keep Bluetooth off when you aren't using it.

Fake Mobile Banking Apps

Cybercriminals create fake apps to steal credentials, with banking Trojans being a major threat. They are spread via third-party stores, phishing texts, and even official platforms like Google Play. Protect yourself by checking reviews and ratings before downloading. Be wary of suspicious SMS or email links.

Only download the official America First mobile banking app from trusted sources like the App Store or Google Play. Avoid downloading anything claiming to be our app if the developer isn't America First, it’s promoted on third-party sites, or if they charge fees—our app is free.

SMShing

SMS phishing, or SMShing, is fraud via text message.  Scammers may attempt to trick you into replying to a text with financial or personal information, or by asking you to click on links that will sneak viruses on to your mobile device. Never respond to an SMS message requesting sensitive data. America First won’t ask for your information this way.

Malicious Software

Malware, Spyware & Viruses

malicious software
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Malware encompasses viruses, spyware, ransomware, and more malicious software that aims to damage systems or steal data. Once installed, it grants criminals access to infected devices, compromising security. Malware can download without consent, leading to unwanted actions like pop-up ads, tracking, and password theft. To mitigate risks:

  • Avoid downloading from unverified sources
  • Never click on suspicious ads and pop-ups
  • Regularly update your security software

Other

Spam

Other
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Everyone gets unsolicited offers through email, better known as spam. Criminals may send attachments and links that will lead you to spoof sites or cause you to inadvertently download harmful software. Many fraudsters use spam to gather personal information in order to steal your identity and your money.

Never email your personal information to an unknown source. You may be enticed by unsolicited limited-time offers or extreme savings, but if you don't know the source of an email, delete it. Always be cautious of opening attachments in emails. Even if a co-worker, family member, or trusted friend sends it to you, it may be infected. And remember to keep your computer firewall and anti-virus software up to date.

Phishing and Spoofing

Certain emails may look legitimate but will send you to a fake site, where you’ll be asked to enter account information. Criminals may also spoof valid phone numbers to make them appear legitimate. Be on the lookout for:

  • Links that appear okay but aren't – hover your cursor over the link, but do not click until you verify the URL is correct.
  • Requests for personal information – America First emails will never ask you to reply with Social Security data or personal identification number (PIN).
  • Urgent appeals – we’ll never claim your account may be closed if you fail to confirm, verify, or authenticate your personal information via email.
  • Offers that sound too good to be true – never fill out a customer service survey in exchange for money.
  • Obvious typos and grammatical errors – poor writing often signals fraudulent emails and sites.

Auction Fraud

Beware of internet auction fraud, which involves misrepresented or undelivered products. Stick to reputable auction sites with security guarantees. Avoid providing sensitive information like your Social Security or driver's license numbers during purchases. Review security policies and terms of service before entering account details.

Be wary of sellers claiming to be in the U.S. but are actually located overseas. Wiring funds directly to someone gives you no recourse if you are victimized. Even wires through well-known banks or escrow services will not protect you.

Investment/Affinity Fraud

A Scammer can prey on members of identifiable groups that share affiliation and established trust. Be wary of any promise regarding outlandish returns and be thorough in your research before investing.

Resources

Utah Department of Commerce

Internet Crime Complaint Center

We're Here to Help You

At America First Credit Union, our chief concern is the financial well-being of members. We strive to provide superior products and services and strengthen the communities we serve.